3D Printing Technology - Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)

The application of 3D printing technology can be traced back to the stereolithography (SLA) technology developed by Charles Hull of the United States in 1986. In the next 20 years, a number of 3D printing technology patents such as layered solid manufacturing (LOM) and fused deposition modeling (FDM) came out one after another. , SLM solution, etc. Since 3D printing technology started earlier in European and American countries, after more than 30 years of development, technologies such as SLA (stereolithography) and SLS (selective laser sintering) have been relatively mature. It is relatively perfect in R&D and manufacturing of high-temperature metal materials and equipment.


Since the beginning of the 21st century, various subdivisions of additive manufacturing technology have been further developed, such as digital light processing (DLP), multi-head jet technology (PloyJet), etc. have been developed. Special 3D printing materials and 3D printing equipment have also emerged as the times require. At present, the 3D printing industry in the world has generally formed a complete industrial chain covering raw materials, parts, processes, equipment, and services. Some key enterprises have been upgraded from single equipment manufacturers to comprehensive solutions from design to terminal parts manufacturing and business.


The SLS process, also known as selective laser sintering, was successfully developed in 1989 by C.R. Dechard of the University of Texas at Austin. The SLS process is formed using powdered materials. Sprinkle the material powder on the upper surface of the formed part and scrape it flat; use a high-intensity CO2 laser to scan the cross-section of the part on the new layer just laid; the material powder is sintered together under high-intensity laser irradiation to obtain The cross-section of the part is bonded to the formed part below; when a layer of cross-section is sintered, a new layer of material powder is laid, and the lower cross-section is selectively sintered.


The biggest advantage of the SLS process is that it has a wide selection of materials, such as nylon, wax, ABS, resin-coated sand (coated sand), polycarbonates (polycarbonates), metal and ceramic powder, etc. can be used as sintering objects. The unsintered part of the powder bed becomes the support structure for the sintered part, so there is no need to consider the support system (hardware and software). The relationship between SLS process and casting process is very close. For example, the sintered ceramic mold can be used as the shell and core of casting, the wax mold can be used as wax mold, and the sintered model of thermoplastic material can be used as lost foam.


SLS can also be used to make metal or ceramic parts, but the resulting parts have low density and require post-densification before they can be used.

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